STALB: A Spatio-Temporal Domain Autonomous Load Balancing Routing Protocol is proposed to provide a trajectory based method controlling the direction of message forwarding. STALB considers the local status of network relay devices (i.e., buffer score, congestion status) as well as the spatio-temporal domain (time and space dimensions) and a path reconstruction mechanism. Thus, STALB ensures that messages reach destinations within limited Time-To-live (TTL) while providing load balancing and alleviate network congestion in IoVs.
A comprehensive simulation results through ONE simulator show that STALB remarkably Outperforms other benchmarks including BSaW, TDOR, and TBHGR in terms of overhead ratio, average delivery latency, and average buffer time. The first significant achievement is that the delivery rate of STALB can reach 99.9% under the sparse network scenario (i.e. 0.7% than other benchmarks). The second remarkable achievement is that the average delivery delay of STALB is at least 84.31% lower than that of the benchmarks under the dense network scenario.
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